Myopia is a result of many factors: genetic, lifestyle and environmental.¹
Adapted from Kate Gifford – Clinical Myopia Profile
Genetic:
Myopic Parents¹
Environment¹:
Sunlight, vitamin D, dopamine levels, time spent outdoors
Peripheral Hyperopia²:
Routine correction constantly moves images behind the retina which may continually signal the eye to grow
Near Work³:
Extended reading, use of electronic devices
Gifford, P., & Gifford, K. L. (2016). The Future of Myopia Control Contact Lenses. Optometry and Vision Science. 93(4): 336-343.
Peripheral Hyperopia explanation summarized from:
• Gifford, P., & Gifford, K. L. (2016). The Future of Myopia Control Contact Lenses. Optometry and Vision Science, 93(4), 336-343.
• Smith, E. L., Kee, C., Ramamirtham, R., Qiao-Grider, Y., & Hung, L. (2005). Peripheral Vision Can Influence Eye Growth and Refractive Development in Infant Monkeys. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 46(11): 3965.
• Cooper, J., Schulman, E., Jamal, N. (2012). Current Status on the Development and Treatment of Myopia. Optometry. 83(5):179-199.
Flitcroft, D. (2012). The complex interactions of retinal, optical and environmental factors in myopia aetiology. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 31(6): 622-660.